Chatbot 接受的数据格式由 type 参数决定。此参数可取两个值:'tuples' 和 'messages'。'tuples' 类型已弃用,并将在 Gradio 的未来版本中移除。
消息格式
如果 type 为 'messages',则发送到聊天机器人或从聊天机器人发送的数据将是包含 role 和 content 键的字典列表。此格式与大多数 LLM API(HuggingChat、OpenAI、Claude)所期望的格式兼容。role 键可以是 'user' 或 'assistant',而 content 键可以是字符串(渲染为 Markdown/HTML)或 Gradio 组件(用于显示文件)。
例如
import gradio as gr
history =[{"role":"assistant","content":"I am happy to provide you that report and plot."},{"role":"assistant","content": gr.Plot(value=make_plot_from_file('quaterly_sales.txt'))}]with gr.Blocks()as demo:
gr.Chatbot(history,type="messages")
demo.launch()
import gradio as gr
history =[
gr.ChatMessage(role="assistant", content="How can I help you?"),
gr.ChatMessage(role="user", content="Can you make me a plot of quarterly sales?"),
gr.ChatMessage(role="assistant", content="I am happy to provide you that report and plot.")]with gr.Blocks()as demo:
gr.Chatbot(history,type="messages")
demo.launch()
当 type 为 messages 时,您可以提供有关用于生成响应的任何工具的额外元数据。这对于显示 LLM 代理的思考过程很有用。例如,
defgenerate_response(history):
history.append(
ChatMessage(role="assistant",
content="The weather API says it is 20 degrees Celcius in New York.",
metadata={"title":"🛠️ Used tool Weather API"}))return history
将显示如下
您也可以使用普通的 Python 字典指定元数据,
defgenerate_response(history):
history.append(dict(role="assistant",
content="The weather API says it is 20 degrees Celcius in New York.",
metadata={"title":"🛠️ Used tool Weather API"}))return history
import gradio as gr
defload():return[("Here's an audio", gr.Audio("https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/raw/test/test_files/audio_sample.wav")),("Here's an video", gr.Video("https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/raw/demo/video_component/files/world.mp4"))]with gr.Blocks()as demo:
chatbot = gr.Chatbot()
button = gr.Button("Load audio and video")
button.click(load,None, chatbot)
demo.launch()
演示
import gradio as gr import random import time with gr.Blocks() as demo: chatbot = gr.Chatbot(type="messages") msg = gr.Textbox() clear = gr.ClearButton([msg, chatbot]) def respond(message, chat_history): bot_message = random.choice(["How are you?", "Today is a great day", "I'm very hungry"]) chat_history.append({"role": "user", "content": message}) chat_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": bot_message}) time.sleep(2) return "", chat_history msg.submit(respond, [msg, chatbot], [msg, chatbot]) if __name__ == "__main__": demo.launch()
import gradio as gr
import random
import time
with gr.Blocks() as demo:
chatbot = gr.Chatbot(type="messages")
msg = gr.Textbox()
clear = gr.ClearButton([msg, chatbot])
def respond(message, chat_history):
bot_message = random.choice(["How are you?", "Today is a great day", "I'm very hungry"])
chat_history.append({"role": "user", "content": message})
chat_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": bot_message})
time.sleep(2)
return "", chat_history
msg.submit(respond, [msg, chatbot], [msg, chatbot])
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo.launch()
import gradio as gr import random import time with gr.Blocks() as demo: chatbot = gr.Chatbot(type="messages") msg = gr.Textbox() clear = gr.Button("Clear") def user(user_message, history: list): return "", history + [{"role": "user", "content": user_message}] def bot(history: list): bot_message = random.choice(["How are you?", "I love you", "I'm very hungry"]) history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": ""}) for character in bot_message: history[-1]['content'] += character time.sleep(0.05) yield history msg.submit(user, [msg, chatbot], [msg, chatbot], queue=False).then( bot, chatbot, chatbot ) clear.click(lambda: None, None, chatbot, queue=False) if __name__ == "__main__": demo.launch()
import gradio as gr
import random
import time
with gr.Blocks() as demo:
chatbot = gr.Chatbot(type="messages")
msg = gr.Textbox()
clear = gr.Button("Clear")
def user(user_message, history: list):
return "", history + [{"role": "user", "content": user_message}]
def bot(history: list):
bot_message = random.choice(["How are you?", "I love you", "I'm very hungry"])
history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": ""})
for character in bot_message:
history[-1]['content'] += character
time.sleep(0.05)
yield history
msg.submit(user, [msg, chatbot], [msg, chatbot], queue=False).then(
bot, chatbot, chatbot
)
clear.click(lambda: None, None, chatbot, queue=False)
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo.launch()
import gradio as gr from gradio import ChatMessage import time def generate_response(history): history.append( ChatMessage( role="user", content="What is the weather in San Francisco right now?" ) ) yield history time.sleep(0.25) history.append( ChatMessage( role="assistant", content="In order to find the current weather in San Francisco, I will need to use my weather tool.", ) ) yield history time.sleep(0.25) history.append( ChatMessage( role="assistant", content="API Error when connecting to weather service.", metadata={"title": "💥 Error using tool 'Weather'"}, ) ) yield history time.sleep(0.25) history.append( ChatMessage( role="assistant", content="I will try again", ) ) yield history time.sleep(0.25) history.append( ChatMessage( role="assistant", content="Weather 72 degrees Fahrenheit with 20% chance of rain.", metadata={"title": "🛠️ Used tool 'Weather'"}, ) ) yield history time.sleep(0.25) history.append( ChatMessage( role="assistant", content="Now that the API succeeded I can complete my task.", ) ) yield history time.sleep(0.25) history.append( ChatMessage( role="assistant", content="It's a sunny day in San Francisco with a current temperature of 72 degrees Fahrenheit and a 20% chance of rain. Enjoy the weather!", ) ) yield history def like(evt: gr.LikeData): print("User liked the response") print(evt.index, evt.liked, evt.value) with gr.Blocks() as demo: chatbot = gr.Chatbot(type="messages", height=500, show_copy_button=True) button = gr.Button("Get San Francisco Weather") button.click(generate_response, chatbot, chatbot) chatbot.like(like) if __name__ == "__main__": demo.launch()
import gradio as gr
from gradio import ChatMessage
import time
def generate_response(history):
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="user", content="What is the weather in San Francisco right now?"
)
)
yield history
time.sleep(0.25)
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="assistant",
content="In order to find the current weather in San Francisco, I will need to use my weather tool.",
)
)
yield history
time.sleep(0.25)
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="assistant",
content="API Error when connecting to weather service.",
metadata={"title": "💥 Error using tool 'Weather'"},
)
)
yield history
time.sleep(0.25)
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="assistant",
content="I will try again",
)
)
yield history
time.sleep(0.25)
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="assistant",
content="Weather 72 degrees Fahrenheit with 20% chance of rain.",
metadata={"title": "🛠️ Used tool 'Weather'"},
)
)
yield history
time.sleep(0.25)
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="assistant",
content="Now that the API succeeded I can complete my task.",
)
)
yield history
time.sleep(0.25)
history.append(
ChatMessage(
role="assistant",
content="It's a sunny day in San Francisco with a current temperature of 72 degrees Fahrenheit and a 20% chance of rain. Enjoy the weather!",
)
)
yield history
def like(evt: gr.LikeData):
print("User liked the response")
print(evt.index, evt.liked, evt.value)
with gr.Blocks() as demo:
chatbot = gr.Chatbot(type="messages", height=500, show_copy_button=True)
button = gr.Button("Get San Francisco Weather")
button.click(generate_response, chatbot, chatbot)
chatbot.like(like)
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo.launch()
import gradio as gr import os import plotly.express as px import random # Chatbot demo with multimodal input (text, markdown, LaTeX, code blocks, image, audio, video, & model3d). Plus shows support for streaming text. txt = """ Absolutely! The mycorrhizal network, often referred to as the "Wood Wide Web," is a symbiotic association between fungi and the roots of most plant species. Here’s a deeper dive into how it works and its implications: ### How It Works 1. **Symbiosis**: Mycorrhizal fungi attach to plant roots, extending far into the soil. The plant provides the fungi with carbohydrates produced via photosynthesis. In return, the fungi help the plant absorb water and essential nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen from the soil. 2. **Network Formation**: The fungal hyphae (thread-like structures) connect individual plants, creating an extensive underground network. This network can link many plants together, sometimes spanning entire forests. 3. **Communication**: Trees and plants use this network to communicate and share resources. For example, a tree under attack by pests can send chemical signals through the mycorrhizal network to warn neighboring trees. These trees can then produce defensive chemicals to prepare for the impending threat. ### Benefits and Functions 1. **Resource Sharing**: The network allows for the redistribution of resources among plants. For instance, a large, established tree might share excess nutrients and water with smaller, younger trees, promoting overall forest health. 2. **Defense Mechanism**: The ability to share information about pests and diseases enhances the resilience of plant communities. This early warning system helps plants activate their defenses before they are directly affected. 3. **Support for Seedlings**: Young seedlings, which have limited root systems, benefit immensely from the mycorrhizal network. They receive nutrients and water from larger plants, increasing their chances of survival and growth. ### Ecological Impact 1. **Biodiversity**: The mycorrhizal network supports biodiversity by fostering a cooperative environment. Plants of different species can coexist and thrive because of the shared resources and information. 2. **Forest Health**: The network enhances the overall health of forests. By enabling efficient nutrient cycling and supporting plant defenses, it contributes to the stability and longevity of forest ecosystems. 3. **Climate Change Mitigation**: Healthy forests act as significant carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The mycorrhizal network plays a critical role in maintaining forest health and, consequently, in mitigating climate change. ### Research and Discoveries 1. **Suzanne Simard's Work**: Ecologist Suzanne Simard’s research has been pivotal in uncovering the complexities of the mycorrhizal network. She demonstrated that trees of different species can share resources and that "mother trees" (large, older trees) play a crucial role in nurturing younger plants. 2. **Implications for Conservation**: Understanding the mycorrhizal network has significant implications for conservation efforts. It highlights the importance of preserving not just individual trees but entire ecosystems, including the fungal networks that sustain them. ### Practical Applications 1. **Agriculture**: Farmers and horticulturists are exploring the use of mycorrhizal fungi to improve crop yields and soil health. By incorporating these fungi into agricultural practices, they can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers and enhance plant resilience. 2. **Reforestation**: In reforestation projects, introducing mycorrhizal fungi can accelerate the recovery of degraded lands. The fungi help establish healthy plant communities, ensuring the success of newly planted trees. The "Wood Wide Web" exemplifies the intricate and often hidden connections that sustain life on Earth. It’s a reminder of the profound interdependence within natural systems and the importance of preserving these delicate relationships. """ def random_plot(): df = px.data.iris() fig = px.scatter( df, x="sepal_width", y="sepal_length", color="species", size="petal_length", hover_data=["petal_width"], ) return fig color_map = { "harmful": "crimson", "neutral": "gray", "beneficial": "green", } def html_src(harm_level): return f""" <div style="display: flex; gap: 5px;"> <div style="background-color: {color_map[harm_level]}; padding: 2px; border-radius: 5px;"> {harm_level} </div> </div> """ def print_like_dislike(x: gr.LikeData): print(x.index, x.value, x.liked) def random_bokeh_plot(): from bokeh.models import ColumnDataSource, Whisker from bokeh.plotting import figure from bokeh.sampledata.autompg2 import autompg2 as df from bokeh.transform import factor_cmap, jitter classes = sorted(df["class"].unique()) p = figure( height=400, x_range=classes, background_fill_color="#efefef", title="Car class vs HWY mpg with quintile ranges", ) p.xgrid.grid_line_color = None g = df.groupby("class") upper = g.hwy.quantile(0.80) lower = g.hwy.quantile(0.20) source = ColumnDataSource(data=dict(base=classes, upper=upper, lower=lower)) error = Whisker( base="base", upper="upper", lower="lower", source=source, level="annotation", line_width=2, ) error.upper_head.size = 20 error.lower_head.size = 20 p.add_layout(error) p.circle( jitter("class", 0.3, range=p.x_range), "hwy", source=df, alpha=0.5, size=13, line_color="white", color=factor_cmap("class", "Light6", classes), ) return p def random_matplotlib_plot(): import numpy as np import pandas as pd import matplotlib.pyplot as plt countries = ["USA", "Canada", "Mexico", "UK"] months = ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May"] m = months.index("January") r = 3.2 start_day = 30 * m final_day = 30 * (m + 1) x = np.arange(start_day, final_day + 1) pop_count = {"USA": 350, "Canada": 40, "Mexico": 300, "UK": 120} df = pd.DataFrame({"day": x}) for country in countries: df[country] = x ** (r) * (pop_count[country] + 1) fig = plt.figure() plt.plot(df["day"], df[countries].to_numpy()) plt.title("Outbreak in " + "January") plt.ylabel("Cases") plt.xlabel("Days since Day 0") plt.legend(countries) return fig def add_message(history, message): for x in message["files"]: history.append({"role": "user", "content": {"path": x}}) if message["text"] is not None: history.append({"role": "user", "content": message["text"]}) return history, gr.MultimodalTextbox(value=None, interactive=False) def bot(history, response_type): msg = {"role": "assistant", "content": ""} if response_type == "plot": content = gr.Plot(random_plot()) elif response_type == "bokeh_plot": content = gr.Plot(random_bokeh_plot()) elif response_type == "matplotlib_plot": content = gr.Plot(random_matplotlib_plot()) elif response_type == "gallery": content = gr.Gallery( [os.path.join("files", "avatar.png"), os.path.join("files", "avatar.png")] ) elif response_type == "dataframe": content = gr.Dataframe( interactive=True, headers=["One", "Two", "Three"], col_count=(3, "fixed"), row_count=(3, "fixed"), value=[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]], label="Dataframe", ) elif response_type == "image": content = gr.Image(os.path.join("files", "avatar.png")) elif response_type == "video": content = gr.Video(os.path.join("files", "world.mp4")) elif response_type == "audio": content = gr.Audio(os.path.join("files", "audio.wav")) elif response_type == "audio_file": content = {"path": os.path.join("files", "audio.wav"), "alt_text": "description"} elif response_type == "image_file": content = {"path": os.path.join("files", "avatar.png"), "alt_text": "description"} elif response_type == "video_file": content = {"path": os.path.join("files", "world.mp4"), "alt_text": "description"} elif response_type == "txt_file": content = {"path": os.path.join("files", "sample.txt"), "alt_text": "description"} elif response_type == "model3d_file": content = {"path": os.path.join("files", "Duck.glb"), "alt_text": "description"} elif response_type == "html": content = gr.HTML( html_src(random.choice(["harmful", "neutral", "beneficial"])) ) elif response_type == "model3d": content = gr.Model3D(os.path.join("files", "Duck.glb")) else: content = txt msg["content"] = content history.append(msg) return history fig = random_plot() with gr.Blocks(fill_height=True) as demo: chatbot = gr.Chatbot( elem_id="chatbot", type="messages", bubble_full_width=False, scale=1, show_copy_button=True, avatar_images=( None, # os.path.join("files", "avatar.png"), os.path.join("files", "avatar.png"), ), ) response_type = gr.Radio( [ "audio_file", "image_file", "video_file", "txt_file", "model3d_file", "plot", "matplotlib_plot", "bokeh_plot", "image", "text", "gallery", "dataframe", "video", "audio", "html", "model3d", ], value="text", label="Response Type", ) chat_input = gr.MultimodalTextbox( interactive=True, placeholder="Enter message or upload file...", show_label=False, ) chat_msg = chat_input.submit( add_message, [chatbot, chat_input], [chatbot, chat_input] ) bot_msg = chat_msg.then( bot, [chatbot, response_type], chatbot, api_name="bot_response" ) bot_msg.then(lambda: gr.MultimodalTextbox(interactive=True), None, [chat_input]) chatbot.like(print_like_dislike, None, None) if __name__ == "__main__": demo.launch()
import gradio as gr
import os
import plotly.express as px
import random
# Chatbot demo with multimodal input (text, markdown, LaTeX, code blocks, image, audio, video, & model3d). Plus shows support for streaming text.
txt = """
Absolutely! The mycorrhizal network, often referred to as the "Wood Wide Web," is a symbiotic association between fungi and the roots of most plant species. Here’s a deeper dive into how it works and its implications:
### How It Works
1. **Symbiosis**: Mycorrhizal fungi attach to plant roots, extending far into the soil. The plant provides the fungi with carbohydrates produced via photosynthesis. In return, the fungi help the plant absorb water and essential nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen from the soil.
2. **Network Formation**: The fungal hyphae (thread-like structures) connect individual plants, creating an extensive underground network. This network can link many plants together, sometimes spanning entire forests.
3. **Communication**: Trees and plants use this network to communicate and share resources. For example, a tree under attack by pests can send chemical signals through the mycorrhizal network to warn neighboring trees. These trees can then produce defensive chemicals to prepare for the impending threat.
### Benefits and Functions
1. **Resource Sharing**: The network allows for the redistribution of resources among plants. For instance, a large, established tree might share excess nutrients and water with smaller, younger trees, promoting overall forest health.
2. **Defense Mechanism**: The ability to share information about pests and diseases enhances the resilience of plant communities. This early warning system helps plants activate their defenses before they are directly affected.
3. **Support for Seedlings**: Young seedlings, which have limited root systems, benefit immensely from the mycorrhizal network. They receive nutrients and water from larger plants, increasing their chances of survival and growth.
### Ecological Impact
1. **Biodiversity**: The mycorrhizal network supports biodiversity by fostering a cooperative environment. Plants of different species can coexist and thrive because of the shared resources and information.
2. **Forest Health**: The network enhances the overall health of forests. By enabling efficient nutrient cycling and supporting plant defenses, it contributes to the stability and longevity of forest ecosystems.
3. **Climate Change Mitigation**: Healthy forests act as significant carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The mycorrhizal network plays a critical role in maintaining forest health and, consequently, in mitigating climate change.
### Research and Discoveries
1. **Suzanne Simard's Work**: Ecologist Suzanne Simard’s research has been pivotal in uncovering the complexities of the mycorrhizal network. She demonstrated that trees of different species can share resources and that "mother trees" (large, older trees) play a crucial role in nurturing younger plants.
2. **Implications for Conservation**: Understanding the mycorrhizal network has significant implications for conservation efforts. It highlights the importance of preserving not just individual trees but entire ecosystems, including the fungal networks that sustain them.
### Practical Applications
1. **Agriculture**: Farmers and horticulturists are exploring the use of mycorrhizal fungi to improve crop yields and soil health. By incorporating these fungi into agricultural practices, they can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers and enhance plant resilience.
2. **Reforestation**: In reforestation projects, introducing mycorrhizal fungi can accelerate the recovery of degraded lands. The fungi help establish healthy plant communities, ensuring the success of newly planted trees.
The "Wood Wide Web" exemplifies the intricate and often hidden connections that sustain life on Earth. It’s a reminder of the profound interdependence within natural systems and the importance of preserving these delicate relationships.
"""
def random_plot():
df = px.data.iris()
fig = px.scatter(
df,
x="sepal_width",
y="sepal_length",
color="species",
size="petal_length",
hover_data=["petal_width"],
)
return fig
color_map = {
"harmful": "crimson",
"neutral": "gray",
"beneficial": "green",
}
def html_src(harm_level):
return f"""
定义端点在 API 文档中的显示方式。可以是字符串、None 或 False。如果设置为字符串,则端点将以给定名称在 API 文档中公开。如果为 None(默认),则函数的名称将用作 API 端点。如果为 False,则端点不会在 API 文档中公开,并且下游应用程序(包括那些 `gr.load` 此应用程序的应用程序)将无法使用此事件。